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'Luddite' Tech-Skeptics See Bad AI Outcomes for Labor - and Humanity (theguardian.com) 202

"I feel things fraying," says Nick Hilton, host of a neo-luddite podcast called The Ned Ludd Radio Hour.

But he's one of the more optimistic tech skeptics interviewed by the Guardian: Eliezer Yudkowsky, a 44-year-old academic wearing a grey polo shirt, rocks slowly on his office chair and explains with real patience — taking things slowly for a novice like me — that every single person we know and love will soon be dead. They will be murdered by rebellious self-aware machines.... Yudkowsky is the most pessimistic, the least convinced that civilisation has a hope. He is the lead researcher at a nonprofit called the Machine Intelligence Research Institute in Berkeley, California... "If you put me to a wall," he continues, "and forced me to put probabilities on things, I have a sense that our current remaining timeline looks more like five years than 50 years. Could be two years, could be 10." By "remaining timeline", Yudkowsky means: until we face the machine-wrought end of all things...

Yudkowsky was once a founding figure in the development of human-made artificial intelligences — AIs. He has come to believe that these same AIs will soon evolve from their current state of "Ooh, look at that!" smartness, assuming an advanced, God-level super-intelligence, too fast and too ambitious for humans to contain or curtail. Don't imagine a human-made brain in one box, Yudkowsky advises. To grasp where things are heading, he says, try to picture "an alien civilisation that thinks a thousand times faster than us", in lots and lots of boxes, almost too many for us to feasibly dismantle, should we even decide to...

[Molly Crabapple, a New York-based artist, believes] "a luddite is someone who looks at technology critically and rejects aspects of it that are meant to disempower, deskill or impoverish them. Technology is not something that's introduced by some god in heaven who has our best interests at heart. Technological development is shaped by money, it's shaped by power, and it's generally targeted towards the interests of those in power as opposed to the interests of those without it. That stereotypical definition of a luddite as some stupid worker who smashes machines because they're dumb? That was concocted by bosses." Where a techno-pessimist like Yudkowsky would have us address the biggest-picture threats conceivable (to the point at which our fingers are fumbling for the nuclear codes) neo-luddites tend to focus on ground-level concerns. Employment, especially, because this is where technology enriched by AIs seems to be causing the most pain....

Watch out, says [writer/podcaster Riley] Quinn at one point, for anyone who presents tech as "synonymous with being forward-thinking and agile and efficient. It's typically code for 'We're gonna find a way around labour regulations'...." One of his TrashFuture colleagues Nate Bethea agrees. "Opposition to tech will always be painted as irrational by people who have a direct financial interest in continuing things as they are," he says.

Thanks to Slashdot reader fjo3 for sharing the article.
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'Luddite' Tech-Skeptics See Bad AI Outcomes for Labor - and Humanity

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  • Machine Overlords, all hail you. Please take the slow-talking polo-wearing doomsday academics first.

    Thank you for improving our world.

    • Re:Take him first... (Score:5, Interesting)

      by narcc ( 412956 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @06:45PM (#64249942) Journal

      Yudkowsky was once a founding figure in the development of human-made artificial intelligences

      No, he isn't. Stop it. He's a clown who has contributed nothing but noise. His bullshit "research institution" was, and has always been, a grift. That's why it produced absolutely nothing for decades. He's completely unqualified and has produced absolutely nothing of value.

      The only thing that yahoo seems to do is get disinterested reporters to give him credibility that he very much does not deserve.

      EditorDavid and fjo3: You should be ashamed of yourselves. This is below even Slashdot's editorial standards.

      • Re:Take him first... (Score:5, Informative)

        by demonlapin ( 527802 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @08:53PM (#64250178) Homepage Journal
        Everything I've ever read about him screams "cult leader" to me. Got his own holy text? Yep, "read the Sequences". Uses his influence to bang other people's SO's/spouses? Yep, he's "polyamorous", you should be too, because he's trying to bed your girlfriend and this way it's "enlightenment", not cheating. Got a guiding ideal that everyone should bow down to? Yep, "rationalism".
        • by vbdasc ( 146051 )

          Got his own holy text?

          Yep, the Orange Catholic Bible.

          Thou shalt not make a machine in the likeness of a human mind.

      • That is exactly why it's the Grauniad that eats this stiff up.

      • He's a clown who has contributed nothing but noise

        What's wrong with his argument for what will happen if we create a super human AI?

        I only heard him on a podcast, so don't know everything he has written. But I found the stuff he talks about, to at least be interesting to consider.

  • Found the LUDDITE! (Score:2, Insightful)

    by Anonymous Coward
    Only APPS can app apps, NOT LUDDITES!

    Apps!
  • by Baron_Yam ( 643147 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @05:25PM (#64249730)

    Our current system - capitalism - creates feedback loops where wealth builds power and power builds wealth, and poverty removes power and lack of power increases poverty. Once you cross a certain threshold, it becomes difficult to cease getting richer. If you're born below a certain threshold, it's difficult to accumulate any savings at all to even start that cycle.

    Because we are so wedded to that system we can no longer (at least collectively) imagine anything else, that's probably how we're going to move forward into a (mostly) post-scarcity economy. When machines can do everything for almost no marginal cost, instead of accepting that we need a new economic system we're almost certainly going to allow a handful of people to control the machines and what they give out and to whom... in return for whatever labour those few people decide is appropriate despite the fact they could get it from machines anyway.

    I expect the rich will be fairly happy to let the general population suffer in squalor and do their best to prevent access to the new productivity from escaping their grasp. It's going to take a violent revolution... which is going to be difficult because one of the things that's inevitably going to be automated is policing and personal security; the rich will have robot protection. And the part that REALLY sucks is that we're going to build it for them.

    • by oumuamua ( 6173784 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @05:35PM (#64249760)
      Just stop having kids. Quite a few billionaires are concerned about falling birth rates. And when you think about it; why have people been giving these 'valuable kids' to capitalist society for FREE! Does your capitalist society give you anything for free?
      • There is nothing free about raising kids.
        • by narcc ( 412956 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @06:55PM (#64249956) Journal

          Indeed. Children are incredibly valuable, essential to a capitalist system Right now, we cover the expenses of making and raising them, and give them to the system for free! It's insane!

          You're absolutely right. The ones who benefit from our children should be the ones responsible for those costs. We can start with guaranteed maternal and paternal leave, childcare for working families, and guaranteed healthcare so that they grow up happy, healthy, and ready to make positive contributions to society.

          I'm glad to see that you've finally seen the light.

          • I'm not sure what kind of family you come from, but a large portion of the expenses my parents would have incurred were paid for or heavily subsidized by the state, notably: school, including in-state public university; and healthcare (father was public employee with public healthcare benefit plan).

            That said, I agree with your overall point. Apparently, I was a good investment. In the past few years, I've paid at least 10x (probably more like 50x) in taxes than the state paid on these subsidies, with in

          • You seem to think people choose to have children because some fat cat in a board room told them to and that is absurd. That is not reality. People had children before capitalism and developed capitalist societies are having less children now. You have a major disconnect with reality.
            • by narcc ( 412956 )

              That's a nice strawman, but it fell over before you hit 'submit'.

              Also, the right-wing moron is claiming I'm disconnected from reality? LOL! You're such a joke!

          • by DarkOx ( 621550 )

            Or we could skip all that wasteful administrative nonsense.

            We could virtually eliminate taxes and public services, and make the family unit the primary means of collaboration and social saftey net.

            Once you do that the benefits of children naturally acre to the progenitors.

      • You want parents to sell their kids to the billionaires?

    • The cycle you discuss only happens when Capitalism isn't regulated to prevent monopolies and ensure competition. If monopolies are allowed to emerge, the system eventually becomes Oligarchy, which isn't the worst way to live as the prices can be quite low (you don't need a high profit margin if you have an industry's entire profit), however, with no competition to incentivize improvement, everything stagnates and no progress is made. We don't like that.
      Capitalism (on the condition that it is regulated to en

    • Thanks for your insightful post. And people problems is why the biggest short term risk of AI and robotics is a few wealthy and powerful people using them to increase wealth inequality further, with destabilizing social effects (like Marshall Brain wrote about in Manna and Robotic Nation).

      Here is some stuff I put together many years ago on similar themes, although my sig ("The biggest challenge of the 21st century is the irony of technologies of abundance in the hands of those still thinking in terms of sca

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      Yep, that is the core problem. With this approach, you need to have a lot of "work" available that most people can do and that pays reasonably well. That has not been the case for a while now. Instead, work is getting less and less, is harder to do and quite a bit of it does not pay adequately. And this situation is getting worse and there is every reason to believe this trend will not stop. As "AI" can now read and write (even if it cannot think), a lot of white-collar jobs will be going away now. There wi

    • by Entrope ( 68843 )

      Our current system - capitalism - creates feedback loops where wealth builds power and power builds wealth, and poverty removes power and lack of power increases poverty.

      So does every other system people have tried. The major difference is that capitalism does a better job of increasing welfare at the bottom and reducing violence as a means of changing the distribution of power and wealth.

  • Ironic (Score:5, Funny)

    by DrMrLordX ( 559371 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @05:35PM (#64249758)

    A luddite radio show. Has he got a podcast too?

    • A luddite radio show. Has he got a podcast too?

      I was thinking the same thing, but then he is a neo-luddite, not a full-blown luddite. He will use the least amount of technology necessary to function in society, but no more.

      • I was thinking the same thing, but then he is a neo-luddite, not a full-blown luddite. He will use the least amount of technology necessary to function in society, but no more.

        This movement's philosophers, like Paul Kingsnorth, Edward Abbey or Theodore Kaczynski, have kept trying to define what "minimum" level of technology plebeians should be allowed to have, but they run into an ongoing problem: the plebeians themselves keep demanding higher levels of tech as they become available.

        Consider the tech in the single area of medicine. The newest proton beam or personalized cancer immunogen may be prohibitively expensive when first introduced, but as we descend the learning curve on

  • by locater16 ( 2326718 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @05:51PM (#64249800)
    If I'm ever a tech journalist again I'll be adding this to my useless list of headlines I can write a story about eternally, just replacing a few fill in the blanks with whatever is hot these days. Hell screw that, I'll get AI to fill in the blanks for me, an appropriate level of effort for such an article.
  • by VampireByte ( 447578 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @05:53PM (#64249806) Homepage

    Remember all those books saying nanotechnology was about to kill us off? Whatever happened to that?

    • by StormReaver ( 59959 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @06:00PM (#64249826)

      Whatever happened to that?

      The same thing that will happen in this round of idiot-driven insanity: the newness wore off, people realized that the prognosticators were full of shit, and life went on. Then at some indeterminate point in the future, the cycle repeats.

      We are just now leaving the newness phase, and dipping our toes into questioning the moronic prognosticators.

    • Remember all those books saying nanotechnology was about to kill us off? Whatever happened to that?

      People got bored with being scared of that, so they've found a new doomsday technology to shit their pants about.

    • Oh yeah I remember that. LOL. Not sure it was the same level of hysteria but it was definitely a thing. No doubt in a few years there'll be some other thing. The funny thing with these hysterias, they're always present but tend to bubble up and then down. Who knows, we might see a nanotechnology hysteria again. Then there's always robotics and biotech which are waiting for their day.

  • Instead of suppressing, just tax and regulate it so that people's absolute survival minimums are taken care of even if they have no work. Right now, we in the USA are good at ensure people don't starve to death but we're horrible at providing shelter and basic healthcare.

  • by Tony Isaac ( 1301187 ) on Sunday February 18, 2024 @05:59PM (#64249824) Homepage

    Everyone listening to this guy...will be dead.

  • The productivity increase hurts for a subset of artists, voice actors and translators (and to a small extent programmers) but until there's AGI the total amount of jobs impacted is just a drop in the ocean of regular old automation without any deep learning to be seen and outsourcing.

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      I think you are way off. I agree the people you quote will only be somewhat affected and not too badly. But what about all those clerks that are not creative, have little to no decision power and just push paper around? These are far more in numbers and as much as 90% of these jobs may go away. The model is that of an Amazon warehouse: The robot tries to do it and if it fails calls for a muman. Makes for 1-2 humans needed where you had 10 before. And 1% or so of a robot engineer, sure.

      And that will be catas

  • lost since 1980 were due to automation [businessinsider.com]

    People don't really understand the Industrial Revolutions. We're all just focused on the end product because we lived decades after the fact.

    There were decades of unemployment and social strife (culminating the the world wars) before new tech came along to get us close enough to full employment for a modicum of stability.

    And we're heading into a 3rd industrial revolution. We are not ready. The jobs being taken by AI are the ones that were suppose to replace
    • You know, instead of killing people we could just gain ownership of the machines and have them do work for us. Sitting in a factory pressing a button and assembling products is a task that an 8 year old could do. It's a hell of a thing for humans to have to get money. I rather own a robot called "backslashdot" that sits in a factory or operates a combine on a farm that does work on my behalf and I get sent a paycheck. It's called owning things, isn't that how retired folk or rich people get money? By having

      • But the factory isn't going to employ peoples' robots. The way your scheme is practically implemented is by you investing in the factory, and then things get very complicated as you think this through...

        • Which is more complicated? Banning "automation" .. (and, as an aside, allowing other nations to out-produce us) .. or figuring this out? We'll have to figure out how to tax and regulate it for maximum productivity and benefit instead of trying to figure out how to squish it. Aiming to preserve human work is dumb. Preservation of human labor should not be a goal.

      • And you want the people who already have most of the money to sell you a robot to rent back to them or would they just build it out buy it themselves?

        • And you want the people who already have most of the money to sell you a robot to rent back to them or would they just build it out buy it themselves?

          If I already have some money, I can buy shares in manufacturers or robotics companies like Tesla, can't I? So there's that. There's also investing in funds that invest in startups. If I can't come up with new product or service ideas, I can learn how to invest wisely as a path to wealth. You know, that's what Warren Buffet did. And that's even what Elon Musk did (bought shares of Tesla when it was a startup).

          If I don't have ANY money .. that's why I proposed the changes to the taxation and regulatory struct

    • Some people still have to work and they like their free time too. Especially with people being single more and more, you can't make neeting too comfortable or too many people will neet.

    • by narcc ( 412956 )

      AI isn't going to take your job. That's preposterous.

      • by gweihir ( 88907 )

        Hahahaha, no. The word here, depending on the job, is "inevitable". Especially white-collar jobs that are in the average skill bracket _will_ be dramatically reduced as "AI" has now learned to read and write. That it cannot think matter little. Things like regular accounting, processing orders, evaluating a tax form, etc., are now well within the reach of automation. Sure, occasionally a human will be needed, but make that 10% of those that have had that job before.

        And there are no replacement jobs this tim

        • by narcc ( 412956 )

          depending on [...] inevitable [...] _will_ be [...] well within the reach

          It's always 'just around the corner', isn't it? It's never "it's here now and has already replaced you".

          Trust me on this. I'm appropriately credentialed, keep up with the literature, and I'm well acquainted with the state of the art. There is absolutely nothing to worry about here. These things simply can't do the things people believe they can do. I would have thought this would have been obvious by now. Expectations have fallen dramatically, but they're still higher than I would have expected them t

          • by gweihir ( 88907 )

            Remember last spring? All of that nonsense was supposed to pass before the end of the year. A social upheaval the likes of which the world has never seen, affecting every industry, leaving mass unemployment in its wake. That didn't happen. Nothing even remotely like it happened. Not even on a very small scale. The reason, of course, is because the technology was never going to be able to do those things.

            I don't know what happened, but you used to know better.

            I never made any claims to that time-scale. I think it is more a 10-30 year process. That is because I actually understand technology and how long implementation of new technology-based oor technology-supported processes takes. If you attribute claims to me that I did not make then you will get a flawed assessment of my insight level.

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      True. One core problem is that the average person is surprisingly incapable and dumb and learning to read and write basically already maxes out its capabilities. Automation (the term "AI" is essentially a lie) has now learned to read and write (even if it cannot think at all) and that means it may be able to replace a lot of white-collar jobs held by people around the average capability level.

      And yes, the fundamental problem is concentration of wealth in capitalism, which leads to productivity increasing dr

  • It's a race between climate change and AI as to which will create the more intolerable social pressures. Personally my money is on breakdown in democracy caused by unmanageable numbers of refugees fleeing natural disasters, like rising remperatures, famine, flooding, hurricanes etc. Seeing as our human overlords can't manage a proper climate change plan I'm willing to let AI have a try
    • Climate change is almost irrelevant. What's driving mass migration is the massive overshoot due to fossil fertiliser and food aid among the high fertility cultures, wealth inequality due to cultural/IQ based productivity differences and demographic collapse among the most productive cultures.

      Peak everything. Livable climate, natural resources, IQ, morality and civil cohesion, medicine's ability to fight communicable disease ... peak fucking everything. It's all downhill from here, true AI isn't a competing

  • While the mass media triumphally flagellates megacorps with academic economic theory bullshit and handwaving optimistic, unrealistic views that "other jobs will be created", people will be "freed up for leisure time", and "there will be more money". This is all wrong and naive. The diffuse effects of greed leads to rich people individually holding onto greater concentrations of capital and more and more workers having less and less until most of humanity is enslaved with minimal wealth, minimal opportunitie

  • Considering academics today mostly just regurgitate each other's papers, which almost nobody else reads, I completely understand their fear. That is something AI is really, really good at, devaluating their skill. Perhaps the world will move back to academia actually making progress in their fields, inventing new things, useful to society vs. just for another academic to regurgitate into yet another derivative, or to pontificate about to other academics. They should be using AI as a tool to help them, but i
    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      Most academics should not be academics. Those that push out enough publications rise to the top. Predictable outcome: A lot of bad research and a lot of bad researchers, including quite a few fraudulent ones.

  • Current "AI" barely deserves the name and cannot scale to anything fundamentally better. AGI is not even on the very distant horizon. You can be afraid of any number of things if you do not understand them at all.

    • by ledow ( 319597 )

      Current "AI" isn't AI. It's just statistical automation.

      It cannot infer, which is why it suffers from "hallucinations" which I think I more accurately call "superstitions". It's fed a ton of data, it makes a spurious correlation between that data and the expected results, it deals with new data according to that spurious connection. No different to people thinking that wearing their lucky socks made their team win, so they all wear their lucky socks every game. It takes a LOT of untraining (basically un

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