Indian President Advises Open Source Approach 257
geo_2677 writes "The Indian President Dr. A Kalam has advised defense scientists to go for open-source software for software security, rather than be stuck with insecure proprietary software. Being a scientist himself, he surely knows what's good for his country." Speaking at the Indian Navy's Weapons and Electronic System Engineering Establishment, Kalam argued: "Open source codes can easily introduce the users to build security algorithms in the system without the dependence of proprietary platforms", though continues: "We should take maximum care to ensure that our solution is unique to protect our own defence security solutions implemented on open platforms." We previously reported on Richard Stallman's meeting with Dr. Kalam earlier this year.
Some open source projects in India... (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Some open source projects in India... (Score:3, Informative)
Mmmmmppphhhhh (Score:5, Insightful)
Being a scientist myself, I had to control my laughter and climb back into my chair before posting this.
Perhaps geo_2677 could explain to the researchers with whom I used to share an equipment room why a) you need to close the lid of a refrigerated centrifuge and b) why, if you're too freaking lazy to do a) at least don't run the goddamn thing with a foot of condensed water in it.
Yeah, if you want good, pragmatic common sense, ask a scientist.
Condensed water? (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Condensed water? (Score:5, Funny)
Subtle! (Score:2)
Perhaps TOO subtle. (Score:2)
"Condensed Water," guys. As in, "it condensed out of the air." Which our lab-rat friend pointed out could be looked at as having had most of the air removed from it.
Re:Perhaps TOO subtle. (Score:2)
Re:Condensed water? (Score:2)
So instead of H2O it would be more like HO? Or H?
Re:Condensed water? (Score:5, Funny)
That's de-hydrated water
It stores and ships easier that way
Re:Condensed water? (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Condensed water? (Score:2)
Re:Mmmmmppphhhhh (Score:2)
As for scientists
Re:Mmmmmppphhhhh (Score:5, Informative)
Look at his acchievents milestones [hindustantimes.com] and also a site dedicated to him here [geocities.com]
Even though the position is only decorational, it is good to know that a country recognizes its intellectual wealth and respects it.
Huh? (Score:4, Funny)
Please explain.
Re:Huh? (Score:5, Insightful)
Take a look at our (U.S.) president. "Being a former oil tycoon and son of a former president, surely he knows what's good for his country."
I'd much rather trust a scientist, almost regardless of what type of scientist.
but seriously, to get back on topic, what would you rather use to chain your bike up. a chain that you can inspect only the links that lock together, or all of the links to make sure the chain is strong enough?
Re:Huh? (Score:2, Insightful)
Being a scientist and working with scientists for the past 15 years, I can tell you there are many, many scientists that I would not want to run the country. Scientists very often live in the world of theory, not reality. And when you live in a theortical world, concepts which, in theory, are very sound, will never work in reality. Not to troll here, but a lot of scientists I know are Kucinich supporters. He has a lot of id
Re:Huh? (here's an unexhaustive list...) (Score:3, Insightful)
I can think of several I wouldn't trust....
pseudo-scientist
Christian Scientist
Computer Scientist
Marine Biologist
Botanist
Archaeologist
Food Scientist
Paranormal Scientist
In fact, can you name a type of scientist that you would trust with knowing what is best for a country?
Re:Huh? (here's an unexhaustive list...) (Score:4, Insightful)
It could just be me though.
Respect for logic? (Score:2, Interesting)
Newton was brilliant yes.
He also was:
Stared at the sun once for an extended period, lost most of his sight.
Wrote bizarre raving religious tracts
Was an antisocial asshole
An Alchemist
Now the point is that skill in science means nothing when it comes to statecraft. The anti-social part is a big part of this. A major part of a politicians job is getting people to do what you want them to do. Being right is only half the battle. Additionally, scien
Re:Huh? (Score:2)
"You own a nice car? I used to be president! See this guy in a suit? His name's Larry and he'll kill you if I tell him too. Won't get in trouble neither!"
Could someone explain... (Score:2)
AFAIK, Prime Ministers have always been used in Monarchies instead of democracies. So I'm a bit confused here...
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:3, Insightful)
As the title says he can advise though :)
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
But what's the point of having the president if he has no real power? Seems like a waste of money to me.
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:5, Informative)
Where have you been [wikipedia.org]? For that matter, hit Google News--she decided not to take up the position after heavy pressure from nationalist parties, who pointed out that Sonia Gandhi was, in fact, born in Italy.
Back on topic... enjoy [wikipedia.org].
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2, Informative)
It seems odd that India would choose to model their government in a sort of odd mix of a monarchy and democracy when they so strongly despised the British occupation. When India finally obtained their freedom, many other governmenta
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
So the electoral votes come from the Indian Congress, correct? Very interesting. Thank you.
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:5, Informative)
In the Indian system (similar to the British), the PM is the head of government and the President is a figurehead, like the queen of England. He has some, limited powers. The PM is elected by people's representatives (not directly like in US, though), usually from the largest elected party.
Actually, the presidential system is more similar to monarchies than the Indian system. Look at how much Bush can do without having to answer anyone in any parliament!
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2, Offtopic)
Yes.. parliament (Score:2)
Re:Yes.. parliament (Score:2)
Eh, (Score:2)
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
That's hardly "just elected".
The current prime minister of India is a man, Atal Behari VAJPAYEE.
Prime Minister is the head of government in those states which are closely descended from British Commonwealth systems (which are democracies, actually). Constitutional Monarchies (such as Britain) reserve the head of state for the Queen, but the actual government is done by the people. The Monarch has very limited powers in the Westminster system
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
The current Prime Minister of India is Manmohan Singh. You must either be
1. George Bush
2. George Bush's adviser
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
Well, at least I'm only mistaken by a month or so, rather than 20 years !
Oh, who am I kidding, this is what I get for copying information out of google searches without checking dates !
Oh, the shame
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
A polite gentlemen farther up the thread explained that she declined her appointment after political parties pressured her due to Italian birth. CNN has some info [cnn.com] on the situation.
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
It just sounded to most of us that you were being condescending. Many were quick to correct, I see.
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
Maybe the big step forward was getting rid of the hardcore nationalist BJP, rather than electing a party led by a woman.
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:3, Interesting)
I'll paraphrase from a Times of India article --
"...India will now have a Christian Prime Minister to go with a Muslim President (a widow and a bachelor to boot). The bastion of democracy, religious freedom and human rights -- the mostly white Christian United States, to paraphrase the description of India by western correspondents -- is set to elect its 44th President -- another Christian white male."
As an Indian in the US, I kinda find that
Re:Could someone explain... (Score:2)
Also... India has the largest democracy in the world.. so calling them Monarchist is hardly fair.
I didn't call them Monarchist, I said that Prime Ministers usually went hand in hand with a Monarchy, thus my confusion. While the modern day Prime Minister of Britian is elected (and actua
Now if only... (Score:4, Interesting)
Unfortunately I doubt this will heavily impact any nations/businesses tech policies outside of India. But at least it's a step in the right direction
Re:Now if only... (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Now if only... (Score:3, Funny)
Wow. (Score:2, Insightful)
Almost.
Re:Wow. (Score:2, Insightful)
Security by obscurity? (Score:5, Funny)
Uh oh. Somebody needs to get a visit from Bruce Schneier next! I suspect that his proposed unique solution would be better off if it was Open Sourced for peer review.
Re:Security by obscurity? (Score:5, Informative)
I have watched him take on this issue for years now (in his roles as both president of India, and as a highly respected scientist), and I can tell you that you are dealing with someone who is majorly savvy about open systems. He could probably teach quite a few people here on Slashdot about such things - he certainly taught Bill Gates a few things [presidentofindia.nic.in].
If RMS was in a receptive state of mind during his meeting with President Kalam, I am sure he would have learnt a few things himself.
Re:Security by obscurity? (Score:2)
Kalam was right in exhorting the need to move to an open framework for all defense systems so as to reduce our dependence on closed systems as well as build security in to the framework which allows us to be ready for exceptions, how ever nasty they are. But the question is how do we get there. And if they are basing their work on OSS, then arent they
Re:Security by obscurity? (Score:2)
If this is written for hire by a defense contractor and sold to the government (instead of writting by the government itself), and it uses GPL'ed code, wouldn't they be obilged to publish? Is the FSF going to file suit?
For a moment there ... (Score:3, Funny)
Re:For a moment there ... (Score:2)
Except that Viceroys are appointed [wikipedia.org], not elected. Doh!
Re:For a moment there ... (Score:2)
And people from Indiana are called "Hoosiers."
Let's play "ruin his joke!" It's fun!
Arrgh! This means that Pakistan will want Windows (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Arrgh! This means that Pakistan will want Windo (Score:2, Informative)
Re:Arrgh! This means that Pakistan will want Windo (Score:2)
Didn't knew they had some religious war there too... *sigh* religions good for nothing *cough*
Obligatory Simpson's Reference (Score:5, Funny)
President Dr. A Kalam: Thank you! Come again!
Bill Gates: But you haven't bought anything?
President Dr. A Kalam: Thank you! Come again!
Re:Obligatory Simpson's Reference (Score:2, Insightful)
Think they'd go so far as to start paying governments to use their software?
Re:Obligatory Simpson's Reference (Score:4, Informative)
Yes [opensecrets.org]
Tech Support (Score:5, Funny)
I think.. (Score:5, Informative)
Incidentally his official website [presidentofindia.nic.in] runs Apache/2.0.42 (Unix) PHP/4.2.3. A couple of brief excerpts from his bio here [hindustantimes.com]:
After a fairly secure childhood, during which he is said to have read as much as he could, he studied at the Madras Institute of Technology, where he specialised in Aero Engineering.
He has worked in leading defence and space organisations in research and managerial capacities. He contributed in a major way to the development of the Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV) III, which put the Rohini Satellite into orbit. He has also been chairperson to Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC).
A vegetarian, his interests include playing the veena and writing poetry. He has written two books, Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India and India 2020: Vision for the New Millennium.
Till now, Abdul Kalam has been best known for his key role in the nuclear tests at Pokharan in the Rajasthan desert on May 11 and 13, 1997. With most parties choosing him as their presidential candidate, he has become the 11th Indian to join a very select group.
Re:I think.. (Score:5, Insightful)
I would say that just because someone is not arrogant when confronted by facts and figures, that does not make them a wise leader. They can be just as arrogant and blinded with facts and statistics as their justification.
Seek balance and understanding (empathy) in politicians, those qualities will let them listen to technocrats. Of course, I do want to point out the irony here on
Just my
Re:I think.. (Score:5, Insightful)
Ask them, which is objectivly better out of these choices:
windows or linux
emacs or vi or notepad
IE or Mozilla
Gimp or Photoshop
closed or open source
We may be generally rational, but we can easily become raving zealots if the right questions were asked.
Re:I think.. (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:I think.. (Score:3, Insightful)
If better means cheaper, the answer is Linux/Emacs or vi/Mozilla/Gimp/irrelevant
If better means more secure, the answer is Linux/irrelevant/Mozilla/irrelevant/having the source code (regardless of whether or not you obtained it under a "true" open source license)
But usually "better" doesn't mean any one clearly identifiable thing. It may mean "more usable" (that can get esoteric in a hurry), is more fit for a very particular purpose,
Re:I think.. (Score:2)
His scientific affiliations (Score:3, Informative)
From the article --
Even today Kalam is in huge demand. He is Fellow of Indian National Academy of Engineering, Fellow of Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore, Vice-President of Astronautical Society of India, Fellow of National Academy of Medical Sciences (India), Honorary Fellow of Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers and an ISRO Distinguished Professor!
Wow, that's just too good. I'm quite speechless.
Re:His scientific affiliations (Score:2)
Most Indian Universities follow the percentage system -- and if you get more than 60% you get a first class, if you hold more than 75% it's first class with distinction and the like -- the particular thresholds vary for each place, depending on how hard it is to get over the threshold percentage.
And FYI, India has as much of the caste system influence in it's work culture as racism does in the US -- very little to none.
Re:His scientific affiliations (Score:4, Insightful)
I think we can at the very least grant scientists across the world that much of credit.
And oh, ISRO is the Indian Space Research Organization [isro.org], with quite a lot of successful space launches under it's belt. I do not think such an organization would lightly make anyone a distinguished professor, no matter what the other credentials.
I guess you would make a sad scientist, because when someone is credited with good accomplishments, all you can think of is how they might have gotten it through the wrong kind way.
Please do not be so prejudiced, especially when what you know is so completely wrong. It helps to be broad minded.
this is situational, not necessarily general.... (Score:5, Insightful)
2) Using nonproprietary solutions allows countries to develop indigenous software industries; for now, and for awhile, this will probably foster OS in lots of ways. In the pharmaceutical industry, India has started out making lots of generics, but are now looking at developing and selling their own blockbuster drugs. If a similar path is followed by India in software, at some point they will have their own MS; at that point, the continued use and nurturing of OS is not assured - as the relative cost of labor increases, commercial solutions might become more attractive.
While it might be best for India to follow an open source pathway, this is not because it is always right to do so, but because it best fits their current circumstances.
I am not arguing quicker... (Score:4, Insightful)
You use what you have - if you have lots of people, then you use them. Where money is tight, you only buy what you can't get another way. Since with software India has a choice (commercial or OS solutions), they can throw programmers at problems and save their money for situations where they don't have another way. They can afford to be inefficient with people, but not with money, so even if the solutions aren't efficient, if they save money they make more sense than efficient solutions that cost lots of money (that they don't have).
Score one for the Good Guys! (Score:5, Interesting)
What really shocks me is why so many countries are still using MS at all in their gov't infrastructure. I've always wondered about the following scenario. (Note: Tinfoil hat required.)
MS is closed-source and rife with a constant stream of what are effectively root exploits being stumbled upon. What if some agency wanted to cozy up to MS and carefully craft backdoors and such, inject them into the OS and have them released into the world? Windows is so ubiquitous that your task has now become that much easier.
Furthermore only the random stumbling of a security researcher/hacker has a chance of discovering it. Probability == low in most cases. In which case "Oops, release patch (add new backdoor)".
Then there's the less nefarious scenario - an agency just sitting on little-known accidental root exploits and keeping them in their classified root kit.
Either way it strikes me that linux in particular (and open source in general) would give sovereign nations some peace of mind. Not bulletproof, but having a global community reviewing the source and tracking exploits openly would sure seem to me to be a better way to safeguard my country's secrets than relying on a huge foreign company with a crappy track record for security.
(You can now remove your tinfoil hats. No, wait, NEVER remove your tinfoil hat...)
Re:Score one for the Good Guys! (Score:4, Interesting)
"If you think there isn't "an agency just sitting on little-known accidental root exploits and keeping them in their classified root kit" for most (if not all) of the *nixs out there you are dreaming."
Definitely, but Open Source *nixs are far less likely to harbor them than any closed source OS, *nix or otherwise. Agreed? If not, let's discuss.
Scientists are the best leaders? (Score:3, Insightful)
Being a scientist himself, he surely knows what's good for his country.
If this is the case, I guess non-scientists can all remove themselves from politics. But would the world really be better off if William Shockley were president? If Edward Teller were in charge of arms control?
Why we should outsource the government to India (Score:4, Insightful)
They invested in education and social programs and created a workforce capable of doing our high-paying jobs. They then set up an economic environment where those jobs would come over, including investments in infrastructure and utilities.
Next the middle class over there starts to take off, and they make a national effort to help make sure that the benefit of the boom is extended to the less fortunate, so they can make more of the country self-sufficient.
They've managed to stay out of international conflicts and have sent peace ovetures to Pakistan. Now they're jumping all over Open Source as a way to improve their own efficiency and self-sufficiency.
All this, and I doubt India's federal gov costs anywhere near what these asshats over here who seem to actively work against us cost.
Between Colin Powell telling the Indians that there will be no attempt to curb outsourcing by American companies on the part of the Bush Administration and the following account of Tom Donohue's (CEO of US Chamber of Commerce, really good friend of Bush Administration, kind of like Ken Lay) speech in San Francisco:
Donohue acknowledged the pain for people who have lost jobs to offshoring - an estimated 250,000 a year, according to government estimates. But pockets of unemployment shouldn't lead to "anecdotal politics and policies," he said, and people affected by offshoring should "stop whining." - AP Newswire [forbes.com]
Personally, I say we go build a freaking guillotine, cause as far as I'm concerned, he might as well have said, "let them eat cake".
Anyway good luck to India and how much to run our Federal government?
Re:Why we should outsource the government to India (Score:5, Insightful)
There definitely has been a lot of progress in the past few years, but it isn't really that rosy. That said if we stop fighting pakistan, manage to conquer religious and social strife and promote education, things could look really good in 20 years.
Re:Why we should outsource the government to India (Score:2)
stop fighting pakistan, manage to conquer religious and social strife and promote education
We've essentially got the same list. We're in two wars, providing security for a number of other countries, have religious kooks that are trying to turn our country into a theocracy, racists and a crumbling educational infrastructure. The only suggestion I could give to you, is to remember how fragile society, especially complex i
Re:Why we should outsource the government to India (Score:2)
Re:Why we should outsource the government to India (Score:2)
At least India is willing to try. Over here, half the country thinks regulation is a bad word and only a co
How is this going to help? (Score:3, Interesting)
How exactly does open-source code make for a more secure government? It would seem to me that giving the source-code to your encryption away, that you are practically begging others to learn how to hack it. At least proprietary software has a tiny measure of defense. It would also spread your possible leak-sources from the responsibility of one entity, the corporation that made it, to pretty much the entire world.
I believe, in the interests of National Defense, it would be best to have any sort of security source code until very tight lock and key.
Am I wrong here? Can someone tell me why?
Re:How is this going to help? (Score:3, Insightful)
Absolutely wrong - encryption code is like good wine - it gets better over time. The only way any encryption code is approved for use is to have the best and the brightest in the world beat on it for years. Good encryption code generates unbreakable encrypted data - having the source code does not help. When it is this good, then you can trust it. Anything developed by a small group and not shared WILL fail - security through obscurity is no security at all
Re:How is this going to help? (Score:4, Insightful)
Your enemy should be able to know your system, and still not be able to break your code. Look at PGP (yeah, I know, someone found a flaw in the implementation, but correctly implemented, it's as strong as ever).
Scientists automatically know what's good? (Score:3, Insightful)
Yeah, like CalTech physics Ph.D. John Poindexter, who obviously knows what's best for America, e.g. Iran-Contra, Total Information Awareness...
Doesn't sound very good (Score:3, Interesting)
Either the paper's "Special Correspondent" took poor notes from Dr. Kalam's speech or Dr. Kalam doesn't know WTF he's talking about. Or maybe there's a language problem...
Roll-your-own security algorithms are a very bad idea, as most of us know. Get a professional to do it. Don't design your own ultra-secure AES alternative based on an "introduction" gained from looking at open-source code.
"Ensure a unique solution... to protect security" sounds like a euphemism for "security through obscurity" if I've ever heard one.
Re:Doesn't sound very good (Score:2)
Pay attention, fatmonkeyboy -- if that really is your name! Dr. Kalam is quoted as having said: "Open source codes can easily introduce the users to build security algorithms in the system without the dependence of proprietary platforms." Competent people won't have to browse somebody's open source code to get an "introduction" to "building security algorithms". So, obvious
Nice logical fallacy in the article blurb. (Score:3, Insightful)
Stallman being a lobbyist in India... (Score:5, Insightful)
This doesn't necessarily say that the Indian President is a brilliant leader; one possibility is that he was swayed by someone's argument, the same way that many other leaders are swayed by Microsoft's argument.
I'm not saying that I'm disappointed, but it's one thing to have a leader be swayed by someone that gave him a convinving argument, and it's entirely another to have that leader come to the conclusion on his own.
Now, the thing is the Indian President is clearly a really smart guy, and he's an accomplished scientist, etc. I don't mean to imply that he ACTUALLY just bought Stallman's line without thinking about it. What I mean to say is that there are plenty of people who would point at the Stallman visit and try to use that to suggest that the Indian President only made his recommendation because he's parroting someone else's words. This is a means for them to dismiss his recommendation.
It's much more satisfying when someone figures out that Free Software is a good idea without activism being involved, so no one can imply that he didn't understand what he was saying.
Argh. I'm having a really hard time expressing what I mean. Oh well.
Re:Stallman being a lobbyist in India... (Score:3, Insightful)
Just because Stallman paid a visit to the President of India and spoke to him about OS doesn't mean that he was the first person to make him aware of OS. If I remember correctly, the article of Slashdot regarding that visit mentioned clearly that the President of India was already interested in OS and was advocating its use.
Kalam was a scientist at the premier defense labs in India, which almost exclusively use Unix and variants. I'm sure he has a pretty
Stallman as Marco Polo ? (Score:5, Insightful)
Do you really think that Kalam has never thought about open source? After all he is not the president of the US - he actually has proven that he can think independently as a scientist. If you knew academic scientists you would know that they understand the value of open-source better than anyone.
A much more likely scenario is that Dr. Kalam wanted to meet with someone to discuss some technical details and get some feedback and maybe some publicity for his ideas of implementing open source. As there were noodles before Marco Polo went to Cathay and there was open source before Stallman went India...
Re: (Score:3, Informative)
Actually Kalam Pushed Open Source long before... (Score:5, Informative)
Here's the proof:
Article from the Times of India [indiatimes.com]. A blurb
TIMES NEWS NETWORK[ THURSDAY, MAY 29, 2003 12:06:03 AM ]
PUNE: President A P J Abdul Kalam on Wednesday urged Indian IT professionals to develop and specialise in open source code software rather than use proprietary solutions based on systems such as Microsoft Windows.
Stallman's visit reported in The Hindu [hindu.com] and elsewhere [slashdot.org]:
Kalam, Stallman discuss open source software NEW DELHI, JAN. 31. The President, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, last Thursday played host to two radically divergent poles of the global software industry.
Though the second link does not say 2004, I'm sure it was earlier this year, and a Google search should help you confirm that. Also the URL is dated 20040201.
The above information renders your argument incorrect and w/o H20.
Impact of this decision (Score:5, Insightful)
1. A majority of Indian techies, might start using some variant of linux in the upcoming years.Rigt now,Most of them are still using Windows only.{ I observed that India ranks very poor in the number of registered Linux users.}
http://counter.li.org/reports/place.php
3.Once Linux Fever is caught up in India , we could expect a good increase in the number of open source projects , growth in popularity and confidence of open source projects.This will impact other developing nations , if they would realise the vast savings of the decision.
4.MS share in India will dwindle big time.. This would affect its revenue as India is such a huge market.
5. Indian colleges then would advance to use and advocate open source platforms and resources.This would help the indian progammers extend their scope and may improve their knowledge standard.Right now , most colleges in semi urban areas use proprietary operating systems.
May be im over optimistic..
Downside:
1. MS is silently attracting the techies and indian public by offering donations to the poor,AIDS victims etc..These will go down eventually.
2.This mite stir up some greedy and filthy politicians who get good bribes from corporate leaders and may work for delay in progress.
It's still a challenge for India to come up in technological arena with the onus of poor political stress on it.
Lets see where this takes !!!
Re:Is offtopic but... (Score:2, Informative)
Being modded +1 funny will not increase your karma
if someone then mods you down, your karma WILL decrease
so if you post a comment that gets marked up +1 funny 3 times, then down -1 troll twice, then +1 funny 3 more times for, you don't end up with a sum gain in karma
you lose -1 for the troll
if you post a comment that half the moderating population think is -1 troll but the other half think is +1 funny and keep jumping between +4 and +5 funny, for example, then you end up just losing an
Re:I wonder (Score:2)
This might not be as much of a joke as we think. In this particular case probably not, given the sensitive nature of the project, but in general I don't see why not.
Remember the furore about the medical data processor in India or Pakistan who threatened to publicize confidential patient data if not paid? That shed light on the practice of multiple levels of sub-contracting in that industry.
It would not surprise me that (if not now, then soon) Indian software houses in turn outsource some of their
Re:Maybe... (Score:3, Interesting)