Stony Stevenson writes "Quantum cryptography, the most secure method of transmitting data, has taken a step closer to mainstream viability with a technique that simplifies the distribution of keys. Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology claim that the new "quantum key distribution" method minimises the required number of detectors, the most costly components in quantum cryptography. Quantum cryptography usually requires four single photon-detectors (which cost $20,000 to $50,0000 each) to send and decode cryptography keys. In the new method, the researchers designed an optical component that reduces the required number of detectors to a single pair. The boffins concede that their minimum-detector arrangement cuts transmission rates by half, but point out that the system still works at broadband speeds."
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