Stories
Slash Boxes
Comments

News for nerds, stuff that matters

Slashdot Log In

Log In

Create Account  |  Retrieve Password

Patent Threats In OOXML

Posted by kdawson on Sun Aug 19, 2007 12:54 AM
from the rush-to-judgement dept.
An anonymous reader notes an initiative by the New Zealand Open Source Society to weigh in on the question of standardizing Microsoft's OOXML. The organization has authored a white paper (available in several formats, HTML here) laying out the ways in which the OOXML spec falls short of what a standard should be. From the article: "'If OOXML goes through as an ISO standard, the IT industry, government and business will [be] encumbered with a 6,000-page specification peppered with potential patent liabilities' said New Zealand OSS President Don Christie. 'Alarm bells are going off in many parts of the world over OOXML. Normally ISO draft standards would be drawn up by a number of stakeholder organizations, involving an often slow process of consensus building and knowledge sharing. Since many aspects of the office document format remain proprietary, OOXML has not taken this development track.'"
+ -
story

Related Stories

This discussion has been archived. No new comments can be posted.
The Fine Print: The following comments are owned by whoever posted them. We are not responsible for them in any way.
 Full
 Abbreviated
 Hidden
More
Loading... please wait.
  • by jimmyhat3939 (931746) on Sunday August 19 2007, @01:28AM (#20283637) Homepage
    While I'm not certain this is part of an overarching strategy by Microsoft, it's articles like these that make it hard to take them seriously when they claim to want to standardize. First it was just "embrace & extend," now it's this mess with patents.

    In my opinion, the right solution to these patent problems is eliminating software and/or business process patents.

    • by Anonymous Coward on Sunday August 19 2007, @01:55AM (#20283791)
      One another option is -

      1. Cost of patenting based on the wealth of the patentee. This should help the small garage inventor + actual real good innovations. Patent trolling will be less effective.
      2. Patent to be supported by product within a period of 3 years. It is the responsibility of the patent holder to provide proof that a product that was created by his patent has been made after 3 years. This product has to be a) made by the patent holder or b) the patent holder has given license to the company which creates it. Otherwise the patent lapses. This would again take care of the patent trolls + help actual good inventions
      3. The cost of patent to be borne across the years. Every 5 years the patent has be re-issued with quite a high fee (again based on the wealth of patentee). This means that only good useful products are under patent for the complete duration of the patent. This again will support the basic idea of patenting, i.e. really good useful ideas not to be kept under wraps, and not the small ideas.

      I guess these ideas should help modify the patent system so that
      a) Patent office gets more money which means more people, which means better results
      b) Small guy inventor is supported
      c) Real good ideas can be patented for the whole duration
      d) Company still can work freely without struggling with frivolous patents, while producing real good products under patents themselves.
      • by splict (1024037) on Sunday August 19 2007, @04:24AM (#20284339)
        While you have some interesting ideas, I can't see them working in practice. They generally rely on different charges for patents based on the size of the company. Unfortunately, bypassing this is trivial.

        1. Start a new company
        2. Patent something
        3. License patent to big company
        • That might be catched by making the big company pay up for the difference in wealth from the old owner, but something a little more subtle may just work fine, like acting like a proxy. If a small frontend for a big company asks for high fees to license a patent, the big company can pay up no problems as it's a transfer of funds from one branch to the other. The competition has to pay an inflated price. Or doing something similar, like the way SCO made a big favour to M$ bluffing big time about linux.
    • "While I'm not certain this is part of an overarching strategy by Microsoft, it's articles like these that make it hard to take them seriously when they claim to want to standardize"

      Their lack of support for ODF didn't make that clear?
  • by Sycraft-fu (314770) on Sunday August 19 2007, @01:41AM (#20283713)
    MPEG-4 would be an excellent example. It is an open standard, but has a whole lot of patents covering it. Open standard doesn't mean no cost, and it doesn't mean patent free. It means three things:

    1) The format is open and not subject to change/closure at the whim of a company (generally controlled by a standards body).

    2) It is available under a reasonable and non-discriminatory (RAND) license. The two subsets of that are:

    a) Reasonable. The fees required are in line with whatever it is. It's not a "Oh you want a license for that video codec? Ok $1,000,000 per player, no cap." That's clearly unreasonable and designed to keep people from licensing it.

    b) Non-discriminatory. This means that you have to license to all comers. You can't decide you like what this company is doing but not this other company. Anyone who pays the moneys get the licenses.

    3) All patent holders have agreed that the format can use their parents and that the only compensation they'll get is from those fees.

    That's it. There are plenty of open standards that are indeed not free. Do not confuse open standard and open source. This is where the legal issues relating to MPEG and such with Linux come in to play. MPEG LA allows source only works for no licensing fee, but if you want to actually compile and use that, you need to pay a fee. If you don't, you are technically breaking the law. Thus for a Linux distro to include it without paying a fee could be a problem. The developers of the distro could pay if they wanted, it is about $100,000 for an unlimited license, but if they don't then it is a problem. That money is to pay the patent holders. Despite being an open standard, MPEG-4 is covered by about 28 PAGES of patents.
    • by killjoe (766577) on Sunday August 19 2007, @02:03AM (#20283823)
      Given that there are two competing potential standards and one has patents and the other doesn't then why should ISO choose the one with patents? Of course it also doesn't help that one standard is 600o pages long and can only be 100% implemented by MS.

      Clearly the ISO bodies are being corrupted (packed) by MS and I really don't understand why. MS has never obeyed any standard and they will not obey this one either. Why does ISO even pretend that MS has respect for standards? Why do would they ratify a standard which will immediately be extended by MS?

      • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

        ISO makes money by creating standards - the more standards they create; the more money goes into ISO.

        But why there are so many there that wants to create an bad standard ?
        Dont ask me that.
      • by mrchaotica (681592) * on Sunday August 19 2007, @03:31AM (#20284147)

        Clearly the ISO bodies are being corrupted (packed) by MS and I really don't understand why. MS has never obeyed any standard and they will not obey this one either.

        Well, obviously Microsoft doesn't care about standards itself. However, others do, and Microsoft wants to abuse that fact. Understand now?

      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        Given that there are two competing potential standards and one has patents and the other doesn't then why should ISO choose the one with patents?
        There aren't two competing potential ISO standards.

        OpenDocument format is already an ISO standard and has been since last year.

        I think OOXML has already achieved Microsoft objective of creating confusion and doubt in the marketplace. ISO should swiftly reject OOXML to help eliminate that doubt.

        • Actually ODF has similar encumberances

          No it doesn't. This FUD has been addressed long ago. http://blogs.sun.com/webmink/entry/raising_the_bar _on_patents [sun.com]

        • I don't normally respond to trolls, but I want to make sure this is clear. Despite the claims of Microsoft's representatives, their patent covenant is not the same as Sun's [sun.com]. There are several important differences, as I pointed out at the time [sun.com]:

          1. Microsoft make their promise contingent on the patents being "essential", at their sole judgement, to the implementation involved. There may be several ways to implement each feature; if you happen to pick the one covered by the patent, you are using one that's not "essential" since you could be implementing one of the alternative ways. You can't know this without extensive research and legal advice.
          2. They also make it contingent on "conformance", again at their sole discretion. Partial implementations may be at risk, and since open source development is done in public, so may in-progress full implementations.
          3. Thirdly, despite placing these limitations on their outward grant, they expect all recipients of the grants to refrain from all litigation, not just that bounded by either conformance or essential claims.

          Items 1 and 2 are especially important. By reserving unaccountable judgement over what is and is not covered, they prevent implementors having certainty they will not face patent issues. This is exactly the way to chill the enthusiasm of open source developers, for whom certainty over their freedoms is the cornerstone of community. It's exactly the reason I made sure Sun's covenant was not crippled in the same way.

          I have now had several reports of Microsoft's representatives claiming their covenant is the same as Sun's; it is not, please make sure anyone who says so is challenged.

          There's one more issue of note, which the NZ paper makes clear. Microsoft explicitly uses proprietary formats within their MS-OOXML specification (DrawingML for example). If they want to provide comfort to open source developers, they need to go further and cover all referenced formats with their "promise" as well.

        • by pallmall1 (882819) on Sunday August 19 2007, @05:15AM (#20284579)

          I'm not saying that is the case, I am not a document expert and I haven't looked at either...
          You could have saved an awful lot of electronic ink if you would have just stopped right there. It's readily apparent why you don't think 6000 pages is too long. :)
          • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

            Ahh yes, so if you aren't an expert you shouldn't have anything to say? Well that'd be quite useful, every Slashdot story would have one or two comments at most. I'm simply trying to help the poster understand why it might be the case that ISO is considering this. However, this being Slashdot, people don't want to hear that because it doesn't reinforce their view of how the world should be, hence I get moderated "overrated".
              • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

                No I was moderated overrated because people disagreed with what I was saying. Overrated doesn't get meta moderated and it is highly generic so it is a great thing to use for people who wish to silence those they don't agree with. Also you'll note I wasn't trying to say that Microsoft's format is better, I was trying to explain reasons why the ISO doesn't see this as an open and shut case. The poster seemed to feel that because there were patents that made it totally inferior and thus the ISO had been corrup
        • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

          there is nothing preventing the existence of multiple standards for documents.

          Apart from common sense, of course.

          This is another red herring that has been addressed many times before, including here. http://www.openmalaysiablog.com/2007/02/microsoft s _defi.html [openmalaysiablog.com]

          Microsoft is spinning duplicate standards as "choice" when in fact acceptance of MOOXML as a standard would be a breach of ISO's mandate.

          "one standard, one test, and one conformity assessment procedure accepted everywhere."

          Microsoft is pushing this line heavily in their attempt to subvert the approvals process in Standards Austr

          • there is nothing preventing the existence of multiple standards for documents.
            Apart from common sense, of course.

            I call prior art!

            "The best thing about standards is that there are so many of them to choose from" (unknown, but ancient attribution)

    • by realdodgeman (1113225) on Sunday August 19 2007, @02:46AM (#20283967) Homepage

      1) The format is open and not subject to change/closure at the whim of a company (generally controlled by a standards body).
      Microsoft is going to break this one anyway, and without getting punished for it. They don't need to change the specification, just their own implementation. And then suddenly nobody that actually followed the specification is able to read documents produced in MS office.
    • by mrchaotica (681592) * on Sunday August 19 2007, @03:02AM (#20284043)

      It is available under a reasonable and non-discriminatory (RAND) license.

      Right, and nowadays, with the existence of Free Software, the only licenses that should qualify as "reasonable and non-discriminatory" are ones that Free Software can use!

      • Reasonable means just that: reasonable. Something doesn't have to be free to be reasonable. If you think that free is the only reasonable price, you'll probably find that people consider you to be what is unreasonable there. Non-discriminatory simply means offering the same thing to everyone. Whatever the terms are, they have to apply no matter who you are. Doesn't mean that everyone has to agree with the terms, just means they have to be equal.

        For example I can charge a $5 cover for everyone for a bar. Tha
    • a) Reasonable. The fees required are in line with whatever it is. It's not a "Oh you want a license for that video codec? Ok $1,000,000 per player, no cap." That's clearly unreasonable and designed to keep people from licensing it.
      One has to wonder what that really does entail. Leaving Free Software aside for a second, what about ordinary people who just like to DIY, such as myself? When licensing patents for a MPEG implementation to a company like Microsoft, Sun or Apple, $1,000,000 doesn't seem at all unreasonable if it is a perpetual license (not a "per player" license). If I want to license it just for my own purposes, however, it is clearly an unreasonable amount that I couldn't afford in a lifetime. Then again, surely they don't have the right to choose a price arbitrarily depending on the licensee, right?
      • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

        That's the "unlimited" fee, meaning you pay that amount, you can have as many copies as you like. The per player fee is about $5. So if you wanted to compile and use XivD for both encoding and decoding it's be about a $10 fee (separate charges for encoding and decoding). Thus really no matter how you hash it, it's a pretty reasonable fee. I'm not saying a no-fee codec wouldn't be nicer, and there's people who agree. There's a reason Vorbis is getting used in more and more games. Tohmpson charges per title f
        • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

          I disagree with a couple of the things you've said:

          but I don't think it is unreasonable for people to want compensation for their work

          The fact that a person wants compensation for work does not make it reasonable for that person to receive it. I may want compensation for writing a novel that no one wants to read. Tough luck. I may want compensation for parenting. Again, tough luck. Having some rights to the fruits of one's labour is different from demanding fruits from that labour. I'm sure you would

    • by donaldm (919619) on Sunday August 19 2007, @06:45AM (#20284857)
      If something is patented then the description of that patent should enable replication by any third party who then can legally produce and/or use that thing for a "Reasonable" and "Non-discriminatory" payment to the patent holder for the life of that patent. So basically all patents are open, however if the patent is vague or obvious then it should never have been granted in the first place.

      Getting back on topic. I think the following from the conclusion of the article says it all: "While Microsoft has granted patent use over the required portions of the specification that are described in detail the numerous undisclosed behaviours and inexplicit definitions are not covered, providing a legal as well as technical barrier to OOXML's implementation". I think we can quite easily arrive at the conclusion that to adopt OOXML is to adopt something that cannot easily be implemented by a third party, so we can assume this is a proprietary format that is dressed up to look like it is an open format.
    • Being distributed as source code is no problem...
      The distro includes the src, and part of the install process compiles it in the background. The user chooses wether they want to compile it or not, but the distro is only distributing src.
    • b) Non-discriminatory. This means that you have to license to all comers. You can't decide you like what this company is doing but not this other company. Anyone who pays the moneys get the licenses.

      Focussing just on the money can easily make one miss the deeper problem with RAND terms. You'll find that some people now talk about RANDZ license terms, where the "Z" indicates "license fee is $0". But that doesn't necessarily make them any better. The license also has to allow sub-licensing without referral to the licensor. If it doesn't, open source implementations are effectively impossible since every developer and every user will need to independently obtain a license from the patent holder - an imp

    • The non-discriminatory part is not really enforceable IMHO. As I said in another comment, if the patent holder is a front for a big company (easy, in these days of multinational, electronic, anonymous money) the license can just be a little high to hurt the competition of the big company.
    • MPEG-4 would be an excellent example. It is an open standard, but has a whole lot of patents covering it.

      That's an example of a scandal, not good practice. You can only believe that it's good practice if you believe in software and business method patents. Both of those things have been discredited as a corruption of the patent process and both are stiflingly anti-competitive. RAND is an obfuscation that reasonable standards bodies reject [slashdot.org].

      OOXML would be an even bigger scandal because it does not even

  • by pwizard2 (920421) on Sunday August 19 2007, @01:45AM (#20283731)
    There can only be one standard. One will survive and be commonly implemented , and the other won't become widespead and will only be used by fringe elements.

    ODF has been gaining ground in the EU and in other parts of the world, whereas OOXML has to start from a dead stop. It's only asset is the marketing power of MSFT behind it, but that may not be enough. It is already clear (from other /. stories) that the OOXML architecture seems rather shoddy and looks like something that was quickly put together. MSFT is trying to force it through iso rather thanb let OOXML succeed through its own merit... that alone draws suspicion to the quality of OOXML.
    • by Billly Gates (198444) on Sunday August 19 2007, @02:35AM (#20283927) Homepage Journal
      when peoples bosses email ooxml ms word and ms excel files waiting back for an answer we can find a sure winner. It will be what yoru employer uses and will most likely be microsoft based.

    • by cp.tar (871488) <cp.tar.bz2@gmail.com> on Sunday August 19 2007, @03:17AM (#20284099) Journal

      ODF has been gaining ground in the EU and in other parts of the world, whereas OOXML has to start from a dead stop. It's only asset is the marketing power of MSFT behind it, but that may not be enough.

      However, it is still MS Office that is the most widely used office program, and at least here in Croatia, where nearly all software for private use - barring pre-installed Windows[1] - is still pirated (the businesses feel a moderate fear from the BSA, but that's about it), that means that the bestest and latest version of Office will be adopted, if in no other way, then by school kids, and therefore their parents as well.

      Luckily, the fact that the BSA is a real threat means that (small) businesses will be very reluctant to migrate from Office 97 or 2000 to a new version, which costs oh, about the average month's pay. Per computer.

      All in all, in order for ODF to become more widely accepted, at least in Croatia, all we FOSSies should do is approach the people we know are pirates and, uh, present OpenOffice.org as a viable alternative to fines and prosecution. It's high time we adopted some of our opponents' methods. </evil>

      [1] If I mean a plural, should I say Windowses? ;)

      • There are odf plugins for Microsoft Office however.

        I don't see this being a big issue to even install since Joe user has had no problem installing quicktime, real player, divx etc. in the past.
      • it wasn't quickly put together, it was put together over a number of years, and the ECMA process itself took over a year.

        Right.

        the list of supportable browsers, which only includes IE3, IE4 and Netscape3 and Netscape4.

        Hey, these are what? ten, twelve years old?

        A number of years indeed.

      • by mrchaotica (681592) * on Sunday August 19 2007, @03:22AM (#20284115)

        'Nuff said.

        The existence of shit like that in the spec -- not to mention the obsolete HTML export described in the post below yours [slashdot.org] -- indicate that the OOXML architecture is just as shoddy as the grandparent post asserts!

        In other words, he's right and you're trolling, so STFU and HAND.

      • Oh, please. (Score:5, Insightful)

        by pallmall1 (882819) on Sunday August 19 2007, @03:37AM (#20284169)

        it was put together over a number of years
        That's how long it would take to read the 6000 page spec, let alone to write it out. How is it that Microsoft and the ISO could reasonably expect the spec to be thoroughly examined in the fast-track time period alloted? It's absurd. The sheer size of the spec should have disqualified it for fast-track approval.

        Not even Microsoft believes in the technical merit of their own spec, which is why they are resorting to their usual underhanded and corrupt tactics.
      • by fritsd (924429) on Sunday August 19 2007, @05:10PM (#20288247) Journal
        See OOXML part 4 par. 3.17.4.1 , p. 2522.

        For legacy reasons, an implementation using the 1900 date base system shall treat 1900 as though it was a leap year.
        Legacy reasons?? In a new document format standard?

        Basically they are saying that although the Gregorian calendar says 1900 is NOT a leap year, from now on it should be, otherwise a certain program's spreadsheet data wouldn't be correct anymore because one programmer screwed up getting the dates right in said legacy program, many years ago.

        Never mind that the world didn't start in 1900 (dates before either 1900 or 1904 are NOT IMPLEMENTED)

        Never mind bothering to implement other calendars (Islamic, Chinese etc.) which might be of interest in large parts of the world.

        WHY didn't they just use ISO 8601, like ODF did?

        Speaking of ODF, this is what they put in par. 14.7.11 (p. 523) if you don't believe me:

        The attribute may have the values gregorian, gengou, ROC, hanja_yoil, hanja, hijri, jewish, buddhist or an arbitrary string value. If this attribute is not specified, the default calendar system is used.

        So basically, my gripe with OOXML is not that it's legally unclear, or not open enough, it's that it's clearly not written to be A STANDARD. Think with me pls:

        If the OASIS people overlooked an important calendar/date problem, and there is consensus, it can be added in the next version of the standard. All existing ODF documents are safe.

        vs.

        If the ECMA/Microsoft people decide one day to correct this bogus "1900 should from now on be a leap year" feature, all OOXML text documents that contain dates will have to be checked, and the ones that turn out to have dates from 1900 have to be corrected.

        See the difference?

  • Netscape 3? (Score:5, Informative)

    by clarkn0va (807617) <(moc.liamg) (ta) (teg.tpa)> on Sunday August 19 2007, @02:14AM (#20283871) Homepage
    From the white paper:

    OOXML allows export of HTML targeted for 3 classes of browsers however these 3 options are at least ten years old (from 1997).

    and

    [t]he restricted list of values provided in the list of supportable browsers, which only includes IE3, IE4 and Netscape3 and Netscape4.
    Wow.
  • by flyingfsck (986395) on Sunday August 19 2007, @04:27AM (#20284355)
    is that there are so many of them.

    Microsoft XML standard compliance would be just as useful as their POSIX compliance.
  • Always bet on the Three Letter Acronym. Five Letter Acronyms almost never succeed when faced with a competing Three Letter Acronym. You can ignore OOXML.
  • I agree, the term "Open Standard" is used very inappropriately by RAND, M$ ... and many others.

    Correctly stated it is simply a standard, not "OPEN".

    If you want to use a two word phrase, then the correct phrase for a few decades now has been and still is an "Industry Standard".

    An "Industry Standard" is sometimes called an ANSI, ISO ... "International Standard", but in fact when proprietary content is used in a standard (legally) it is not "OPEN" and/or freely available to anyone, and is anti-competitive and anti-capitalist by making basic (non-creative/non-original) technology requirements private property for more socialist/communist (as in anti-capitalism) corporate-welfare.

    By accepted technologist and L/FOSS convention dating back to the 1980's the usage of the term "OPEN" is conceptually reserved to products/ideas... that closely follow the "Public Property" [GPL, "Open Content", "Open Standards" ...] concept/intent.

    Just like a public park, which is always paid for by the public or philanthropic individuals/foundations, the property is provided and developed for the public welfare. Software patents and industry standards are an obvious attempt by corporatist and their governments to prevent access [easement] to public property that could/would limit the private property's owners attempts to control public property use by citizens.

    I know you see my direction of debate/argument, the word "Open" when capitalized or in all caps (like an acronym) should have as much legal standing as the term "Microsoft", "California", "Navajo" "The United States" "Organic" .... Repeated misuse of the term "Open" by industry, governments, agencies, foundations ... should not be allowed. The term "Open" when used in medicine, science, engineering, communications, literature, music, art, technology ... has a definite (though unregistered) trademark value in business and international economics that is being intentionally misused by industry to financially harm the public good, "Open Economics", and "Open Businesses" globally.

    Revisionist-spin is never reality, but can be dogma for fools and "Exploiticians" to use for legal rights to the wind, they may even stupidly try to hold the wind for themselves.